Why do we cough?

Irritants, allergens, medical conditions, and even certain medicines
can cause people to cough.1

Irritatants

An irritant is something that you are sensitive to.1

  • Smoking and inhaling
    second-hand smoke

  • Air pollution

  • Paint fumes

  • Scented products,
    such as perfumes
    and air fresheners

Allergens

An allergen is something that you are allergic to.1

  • Dust

  • Mold

  • Pollen

  • Animal Dander

Medical conditions

What causes prolonged cough?

If your cough lasts less than 3 weeks1, it may be due to:

  • Common cold1 : a short mild illness with early symptoms of headache, sneezing,
    chilliness and sore throat, along with later symptoms of nasal discharge,
    blocked nose, cough and discomfort.5
  • Flu1 : an illness with fever, headache, cough, sore throat, muscle pain, nasal
    congestion, weakness and loss of appetite5.
  • Pneumonia1 : a common lung infection caused by bacteria, virus or fungi6.
  • Whooping cough: a highly contagious respiratory infection with a high-pitched
    “whoop” sound7.

If your cough lasts for more than 8 weeks1, it may be caused

  • Dry cough cause: Postnasal drip (Upper airway cough syndrome) which appears
    as a dry cough caused by the chronic dripping of mucus from the back of the
    nose to the throat.
  • Asthma, a long-term lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways.1
  • Acid reflux disease or stomach acid going up into the throat1.
cough side effects 

Other diseases may also cause coughing
for more than 8 weeks

  • Respiratory Infections1
  • Chronic bronchitis (or linings of the airways constantly irritated or inflamed)1
  • Lung cancer1
  • Chronic obstructive disorder (COPD), a disease that prevents enough air from flowing in and out of the airways1
  • Heart failure1

Chronic Cough

Certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, migraine, headache and glaucoma, can also cause chronic cough (cough for more than 8 weeks).1

The best way to treat a cough is to treat its cause. Your doctor may recommend cough
medicine if the cough causes a lot of discomfort.1